How does a sodium atom form a bond with a chlorine atom?

How does a sodium atom form a bond with a chlorine atom?

Ionic bonding in sodium chloride. An atom of sodium (Na) donates one of its electrons to an atom of chlorine (Cl) in a chemical reaction, and the resulting positive ion (Na+) and negative ion (Cl−) form a stable ionic compound (sodium chloride; common table salt) based on this ionic bond.

How does sodium and chlorine make a compound?

Alkali metals are highly reactive because they readily lose their outermost electron. Sodium combines with water in an explosive reaction. Sodium and chlorine, two highly reactive elements, combine to form the stable compound sodium chloride (ordinary table salt).

What causes sodium and chlorine ions to be attracted to each other and form a tight bond?

For example, in the reaction of Na (sodium) and Cl (chlorine), each Cl atom takes one electron from a Na atom. Therefore each Na becomes a Na+ cation and each Cl atom becomes a Cl- anion. Due to their opposite charges, they attract each other to form an ionic lattice.

What holds the sodium and chloride ions together in a chemical bond?

The sodium ions and chloride ions are held together by the strong electrostatic attractions between the positive and negative charges. You need one sodium atom to provide the extra electron for one chlorine atom, so they combine together 1:1. The formula is therefore NaCl.

How does sodium react with chlorine?

When a sodium atom transfers an electron to a chlorine atom, forming a sodium cation (Na+) and a chloride anion (Cl-), both ions have complete valence shells, and are energetically more stable. The reaction is extremely exothermic, producing a bright yellow light and a great deal of heat energy.

What does chlorine bond with?

It forms strong ionic bonds with metal ions. Like fluorine and the other members of the halogen family, chlorine is diatomic in nature, occurring as Cl2 rather than Cl. In addition to the ionic compounds that chlorine forms with metals, it also forms molecular compounds with non-metals such as sulfur and oxygen.

How is chlorine obtained from sodium chloride gives equation for the reaction involved?

Chlorine can be manufactured by the electrolysis of a sodium chloride solution (brine), which is known as the Chloralkali process. The production of chlorine results in the co-products caustic soda (sodium hydroxide, NaOH) and hydrogen gas (H2). Cathode: 2 H+ (aq) + 2 e− → H2 (g) Anode: 2 Cl− (aq) → Cl2 (g) + 2 e.

What happens when a sodium and chlorine interact to form the salt sodium chloride?

If sodium metal and chlorine gas mix under the right conditions, they will form salt. The sodium loses an electron, and the chlorine gains that electron. This reaction is highly favorable because of the electrostatic attraction between the particles. In the process, a great amount of light and heat is released.

What happens when a sodium ion is attracted to a chlorine ion?

Explanation of what happens when sodium reacts with chlorine: The sodium atom becomes a positive sodium ion. The chlorine atom becomes a negative chloride ion. Both sodium ions and chloride ions have full electron shells.

What force holds the sodium and chlorine together in sodium chloride?

electrostatic attractions
The sodium ions and chloride ions are held together by the strong electrostatic attractions between the positive and negative charges. You need one sodium atom to provide the extra electron for one chlorine atom, so they combine together 1:1. The formula is therefore NaCl.

Why does sodium and chlorine make salt?

Does chlorine and sodium make a compound?

Sodium chloride, regular table salt, is also known as the mineral halite. The diagram to the right shows how sodium and chlorine atoms pack tightly together to form cube-like units of the compound NaCl . Crystals of table salt imitate this structure-they’re shaped like little cubes.

What are differences between sodium and chlorine?

The key difference between sodium and sodium chloride is that sodium is a chemical element whereas sodium chloride is a compound containing both sodium and chlorine chemical elements.

Why does sodium and chlorine form and ionic bond?

It is easiest for sodium to lose its electron and form a +1 ion, and for chlorine to gain an electron, forming a -1 ion. If sodium can transfer it’s “spare” electron to chlorine (as shown above), both atoms will satisfy their full outer shell requirements, and an ionic bond will be formed.

What type of bond does sodium and chlorine form?

The classic case of ionic bonding, the sodium chloride molecule forms by the ionization of sodium and chlorine atoms and the attraction of the resulting ions.