What process uses translation and transcription?

What process uses translation and transcription?

The process in which cells make proteins is called protein synthesis. It actually consists of two processes: transcription and translation. Transcription takes place in the nucleus. It uses DNA as a template to make an RNA molecule.

What type of cells undergo translation and transcription?

In eukaryotes, transcription and translation take place in different cellular compartments: transcription takes place in the membrane-bounded nucleus, whereas translation takes place outside the nucleus in the cytoplasm. In prokaryotes, the two processes are closely coupled (Figure 28.15).

What is the cellular process of translation?

Translation is the process of translating the sequence of a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule to a sequence of amino acids during protein synthesis. The genetic code describes the relationship between the sequence of base pairs in a gene and the corresponding amino acid sequence that it encodes.

Where does transcription and translation occur in the cell?

Thus, in eukaryotes, while transcription occurs in the nucleus, translation occurs in the cytoplasm.

What is transcription translation and translocation?

Response. Transcription is the process of production of RNA (Ribo Nucleic Acid) from DNA (Deoxy ribo Nucleic Acid). Translation is the process of formation of protein from RNA. Translocation is the movement of materials in plants from the leaves to other parts of the plant.

What is the process of transcription?

Transcription is the process by which the information in a strand of DNA is copied into a new molecule of messenger RNA (mRNA). The newly formed mRNA copies of the gene then serve as blueprints for protein synthesis during the process of translation.

Why must transcription and translation occur?

Transcription and translation are the two processes that convert a sequence of nucleotides from DNA into a sequence of amino acids to build the desired protein. These two processes are essential for life. They are found in all organisms – eukaryotic and prokaryotic.

What begins the process of transcription?

The process of transcription begins when an enzyme called RNA polymerase (RNA pol) attaches to the template DNA strand and begins to catalyze production of complementary RNA. Thus, it is RNA pol II that transcribes the messenger RNAs, which serve as the templates for production of protein molecules.

What is process of transcription?

Where do transcription & translation takes place in a prokaryotic cell describe the three steps involved in translation?

Prokaryotic transcription occurs in the cytoplasm alongside translation. Prokaryotic transcription and translation can occur simultaneously. This is impossible in eukaryotes, where transcription occurs in a membrane-bound nucleus while translation occurs outside the nucleus in the cytoplasm.

Why transcription and translation is necessary?

What is difference between transcription and translation?

Hint: Transcription is the process of copying a gene’s DNA sequence to make an RNA molecule and translation is the process in which proteins are synthesized after the process of transcription of DNA to RNA in the cell’s nucleus. Translation synthesizes proteins from RNA copies.

Transcription occurs in the nucleus in eukaryotic organisms, while translation occurs in the cytoplasm and endoplasmic reticulum. Both processes occur in the cytoplasm in prokaryotes. The factor controlling these processes is RNA polymerase in transcription and ribosomes in translation.

How is transcription similar to transcription in prokaryotes?

Fundamentally, transcription in eukaryotes is similar to transcription in prokaryotes with a few exceptions. In bacteria, RNA Polymerase can synthesize any RNA molecule. In eukaryotes, there are three different RNA Polymerases (I, II, and III).

What are the three types of RNA involved in transcription?

Three types of RNA can be formed: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA) and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). Transcription occurs in four stages: pre-initiation, initiation, elongation, and termination.

What is the process of translation in protein synthesis?

Translation is the process of translating the sequence of a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule to a sequence of amino acids during protein synthesis.